亚运会对广州服务贸易促进作用的理论机制

2010年广州亚运会的举办,将极大的促进广州服务贸易的发展,给广州带来巨大的经济效用.文章利用迈克尔·波特的竞争优势理论和需求贸易理论从生产要素、需求条件、相关与支持性产业、企业战略、结构及行业竞争、机遇和政府等方面对此作出理论分析,提出"亚运会影响下的广州服务贸易竞争力模型",在此基础上总结广州服务贸易发展现状,得到一些启示及发展对策.     

我国出口产业结构演变模式研究:1996-2006年

本文通过对出口产业结构演变的影响因素及其作用机制的分析,尝试性地提出了出口产业结构演变的3种模式:累积渐变模式、多样化模式和突变(颠覆)模式,并建立了一个分析出口产业结构变动模式及其影响因素的理论框架。在此基础上对我国入世前后(1996-2006年)出口产业结构的演变情况进行了实证分析。结果显示:1996-2001年,我国出口产业结构演变以累积渐变模式为主,多样化模式为辅;2001-2006年,我国出口产业结构演变以突变(颠覆)模式进行,结构突变的原因主要来自于引进资源和技术。自主创新和本国要素积累在结构演进中的作用有待进一步提高。     

辽宁省对外开放度的测算与比较研究

对外开放度是衡量一个地区经济活跃程度的重要指标,也是一个地区经济发展水平的重要表征。本文利用相关数据,测算了辽宁省的贸易开放度、资本开放度、生产开放度和经济开放度指标。并通过与广东、上海、北京等发达省市及全国平均开放度水平的比较,分析了造成辽宁省对外开放度相对较低的主要原因,提出了相应的对策和建议。     

我国区际产业转移与对接机制研究

区域协调发展理念下,区际产业转移与对接是促进产业结构调整升级的重要手段。基于区际产业转移与对接内涵、动力机制等既有研究,从考虑运输成本的“推-拉”模型与异质性企业区位选择效应的市场动力机制,以及信息不对称下强弱势政府间竞争博弈机制两个维度,剖析我国区际产业转移与对接内在机理。从创新顶层设计、发挥比较优势、降低交易成本3个方面探讨了促进区际产业转移与对接的政策保障措施。     

学习导向、双元学习、新产品竞争优势与企业绩效

学习导向对于企业增强新产品竞争优势,提升市场表现有着积极影响。现有关于学习导向的实证研究多将其作为格式塔构念进行探讨,忽视了各构成维度间关系复杂性对企业绩效的影响,不利于深入理解学习导向战略实践过程。因此,将学习导向解构为学习承诺、开放心智及共享愿景3个维度,基于资源观理论框架,采用模糊集定性比较分析法,以211家中国企业为样本,探讨了学习导向绩效机制过程中影响双元学习、新产品竞争优势和企业绩效的多重因果路径。研究结论可为企业合理构建学习导向型组织,实践新产品开发策略提供理论支撑。     

试析比较命题及其推理

探讨了比较命题的表达形式和种类，比较命命与比较和比喻的区别及比较命题的推理，指出一切比较命题，对比和比喻都是比，但并非一切比都是比较命题或比喻，只有比较命题才构成比较命题的推理的观点，旨在探究一种新的思想形式，加深人们对客观事物正确反映。     

Virtual forms for the organization of production: A comparative analysis

In the present competitive environment, excellence in each phase of the productive process and flexibility are critical requirements in every business. Virtual enterprises have been proposed as an inter-organizational model characterized by both strong incentives to suppliers’ performance and high flexibility. Nonetheless, virtual enterprises are not ubiquitous as some suggest they should be. This paper compares virtual enterprises with other models for the organization of production: Markets, vertically integrated firms and networks. We formulate hypotheses that virtual enterprises are suitable for firms producing complex, modular products, with frequent changes in components, but low knowledge specificity. Virtual enterprises are suitable for a group of industries that is limited, but of growing importance.     

The times they are not changin’: Days and hours of work in Old and New Worlds, 1870–2000

This paper brings a historical perspective to debates on worktime differences across OECD countries, exploiting new data sets on hours of work per week, and days and hours of work per year between 1870 and 2000. We contest the popular view that the divergence in worktimes between Europe and North America and Australia is a recent phenomenon. Since 1870 the decline in weekly and annual hours was consistently greater in the Old World; the New World has had fewer days off for the last 130 years. Labor power and inequality, held to be important determinants of worktime after 1970, had comparable effects in the period before 1913. We find that given their levels of income in 1870 New World workers supplied relatively too many hours of work.     

美日技术创新的产业分布及其对贸易竞争优势演变的结构效应

本文借用固定市场份额法,通过实证得出:美日两国从上世纪80年代末开始,技术创新产业选择方向出现了明显的不同,从而产业结构(贸易结构)的转换出现了较大差异,美国结构成功转型,贸易竞争优势得到了明显的提高;而日本产业结构和贸易结构转型一直在摸索阶段,结构升级的缓慢是日本贸易竞争优势有所下降的内在原因。     

Reforms,globalization, and endogenous agricultural structures

In this article, I draw lessons from two quasi‐natural experiments (the transition process in former Communist countries and the rapid globalization of food chains) on the optimality of farms and agricultural structures more generally. I argue that (a) the farm structures that have emerged from the transition process are much more diverse than expected ex ante; (b) this diversity is to an important extent determined by economic mechanisms which are influenced by initial conditions and reform policies; (c) non‐traditional farm structures have played an important role during transition because they were optimal to address the specific institutional and structural constraints imposed by the transition process; (d) there is more diversity than often argued in the farms that are integrated in global food chains; (e) endogenous institutional (contracting) innovations in food chains may lock existing farm structures in a long‐run institutional framework; and (f) indicators based on farm structures are not a good measure of welfare effects of the globalization of food chains.